The Chemistry and Properties of p-Anisidine (4-Methoxyaniline)
p-Anisidine, chemically known as 4-Methoxyaniline and identified by CAS number 104-94-9, is a vital organic compound with a distinct set of properties that make it indispensable in various industrial applications. Understanding its chemical nature and physical characteristics is key to appreciating its role as a versatile intermediate.
At its core, p-Anisidine is an aromatic amine, featuring a benzene ring substituted with an amine group (-NH₂) and a methoxy group (-OCH₃) at opposite (para) positions. Its molecular formula is C₇H₉NO, and it has a molar mass of approximately 123.16 g/mol. Physically, it typically appears as a white, fused crystalline solid. However, it can sometimes present as grey-brown due to oxidation upon exposure to air. It is characterized by a faint, characteristic amine odor.
The melting point of p-Anisidine is around 56-59 °C, indicating it is a solid at room temperature. Its boiling point is considerably higher, approximately 243 °C at atmospheric pressure. Solubility information reveals it is sparingly soluble in water but readily dissolves in organic solvents such as ethanol and ether, which is typical for aromatic organic compounds.
The reactivity of p-Anisidine is largely dictated by its amine group and the electron-donating methoxy group. The amine group makes it basic and capable of forming salts with acids. It can undergo diazotization reactions with nitrous acid, forming diazonium salts that are crucial for azo dye synthesis. The methoxy group activates the aromatic ring towards electrophilic substitution reactions, directing incoming groups primarily to the ortho positions relative to the methoxy group (which are also ortho to the amine group).
This combination of a functional amine group and an activating methoxy substituent on an aromatic ring makes p-Anisidine a valuable intermediate for creating more complex organic molecules. Its properties are well-documented, with extensive safety data sheets (SDS) available, detailing its hazards, handling precautions, and first aid measures. These resources are essential for safe and effective use in chemical processes.
In summary, p-Anisidine is a fundamental chemical building block with properties that lend themselves to diverse applications, most notably in the synthesis of dyes, pharmaceuticals, and as an analytical reagent.
Perspectives & Insights
Bio Analyst 88
“This combination of a functional amine group and an activating methoxy substituent on an aromatic ring makes p-Anisidine a valuable intermediate for creating more complex organic molecules.”
Nano Seeker Pro
“Its properties are well-documented, with extensive safety data sheets (SDS) available, detailing its hazards, handling precautions, and first aid measures.”
Data Reader 7
“In summary, p-Anisidine is a fundamental chemical building block with properties that lend themselves to diverse applications, most notably in the synthesis of dyes, pharmaceuticals, and as an analytical reagent.”