Biotin, also known as Vitamin B7, is an essential nutrient critical for numerous metabolic functions. While a true biotin deficiency is rare in healthy individuals consuming a balanced diet, understanding its causes and symptoms is important. Deficiency can arise from various factors, including genetic disorders like biotinidase deficiency (BTD), prolonged antibiotic use that disrupts gut bacteria, long-term anticonvulsant therapy, or certain gastrointestinal conditions impairing nutrient absorption. Pregnant and breastfeeding women may also experience marginal deficiencies due to increased demands.

The symptoms of biotin deficiency typically appear gradually and can be quite noticeable. Common signs include hair thinning and loss (alopecia), a characteristic scaly red rash around body openings (periorificial dermatitis), brittle nails, and neurological issues such as lethargy, depression, hallucinations, and numbness or tingling in the extremities. In infants, severe deficiency can lead to developmental delays, seizures, and hypotonia.

Diagnosing biotin deficiency often involves assessing symptoms and, in some cases, blood tests to measure biotin levels or the activity of biotin-dependent enzymes. Given the potential severity of untreated deficiency, especially in infants diagnosed with genetic disorders, early detection and treatment with biotin supplementation are crucial. NINGBO INNO PHARMCHEM CO.,LTD. emphasizes that while biotin is vital, consulting healthcare professionals for accurate diagnosis and appropriate management is always the best approach to maintaining overall health.