1-Chlorobutane, commonly known as n-Butyl Chloride, is a fundamental organic compound with a deceptively simple structure that belies its versatility in chemical synthesis. As a key product in our portfolio, we are committed to educating our B2B clients on its properties, reactions, and broad applications. Understanding these aspects is crucial for optimizing its use in various industrial and research settings.

Understanding the Chemical Identity of 1-Chlorobutane:

With the CAS number 109-69-3 and molecular formula C4H9Cl, 1-Chlorobutane is a primary alkyl halide. It is a colorless liquid characterized by its pungent odor and high flammability. Its physical properties, such as a boiling point of 77-79°C and a density lower than water, contribute to its handling and application characteristics. It is generally insoluble in water but miscible with most organic solvents, making it a useful medium for many reactions.

Key Chemical Properties and Reactions:

The reactivity of 1-Chlorobutane stems from the presence of the chlorine atom, which is a good leaving group, and the n-butyl chain. Its significant reactions include:

  • Nucleophilic Substitution Reactions: This is one of the most common reaction types for primary alkyl halides. The chlorine atom can be displaced by various nucleophiles. For instance, reacting 1-Chlorobutane with sodium hydroxide in the presence of a solvent can yield 1-butanol. This property makes it an excellent precursor for introducing the n-butyl group into other molecules.
  • Alkylation: As an alkylating agent, it is used to attach the n-butyl group to various substrates. This is fundamental in synthesizing compounds like ionic liquids, esters, pesticides, and surfactants.
  • Formation of Organometallic Compounds: A critical reaction is its conversion to n-butyl lithium (n-BuLi) or Grignard reagents (n-butylmagnesium chloride) by reacting with metallic lithium or magnesium, respectively. These organometallic compounds are powerful reagents in organic synthesis, essential for creating carbon-carbon bonds and in polymerization processes.
  • Free Radical Chlorination: Under UV light or with radical initiators, 1-Chlorobutane can undergo further chlorination, leading to dichlorobutanes. This reaction, while possible, is often controlled to favor specific outcomes or avoid unwanted byproducts.

Manufacturing and Quality Control:

As a manufacturer, we ensure that our 1-Chlorobutane meets high purity standards, typically exceeding 99.5%, which is vital for predictable reaction outcomes. The preparation methods, often involving the reaction of n-butanol with HCl or direct chlorination of butane, are carefully controlled to minimize isomer formation and maximize the yield of the desired 1-Chlorobutane. Ensuring a consistent supply of this chemical is a priority for our B2B clients who rely on it for continuous production processes.

By understanding the chemical reactivity and properties of 1-Chlorobutane, chemists and manufacturers can leverage this compound effectively in a wide array of synthetic transformations, driving innovation across various industries.