For professionals in the chemical and pharmaceutical industries, a deep understanding of the compounds they work with is essential. 2,6-Dimethylaniline (CAS 87-62-7), also known as 2,6-xylidine, is a primary aromatic amine with distinct chemical properties that make it a valuable intermediate. This article explores its key characteristics, physical properties, and typical synthesis routes, offering valuable insights for those looking to buy or utilize this compound in their processes.

Chemical Structure and Properties

2,6-Dimethylaniline is an aniline derivative characterized by two methyl groups attached to the benzene ring at the ortho positions relative to the amino group. Its chemical formula is C8H11N, and it has a molecular weight of approximately 121.18 g/mol. The presence of these methyl groups influences its reactivity and physical properties compared to unsubstituted aniline. Key properties include:

  • Appearance: Typically appears as a colorless to pale yellow or brown liquid. The slight coloration can develop upon exposure to air or light.
  • Boiling Point: It has a boiling point of around 214-216 °C at atmospheric pressure.
  • Melting Point: The melting point is relatively low, around 10-12 °C, meaning it is a liquid at standard room temperatures.
  • Solubility: It exhibits limited solubility in water (approximately 7.5 g/L at 20 °C) but is generally soluble in organic solvents such as ethanol, ether, and benzene.
  • Purity: Industrial grades commonly offered by suppliers are of high purity, often ≥99.5%, which is critical for downstream applications, especially in pharmaceuticals.
  • Stability: It is generally stable under normal conditions but can be sensitive to air and light, which can cause discoloration. Proper storage is advised.

Synthesis Pathways for 2,6-Dimethylaniline

The industrial production of 2,6-Dimethylaniline typically involves several steps, often starting from xylene isomers. A common route involves the nitration of m-xylene followed by the reduction of the resulting nitro compound. However, this process can yield a mixture of xylidine isomers (e.g., 2,4-, 2,5-, and 2,6-dimethylaniline). Separating the desired 2,6-isomer from these mixtures requires specialized purification techniques, such as fractional distillation or selective salt formation and crystallization. These purification steps are crucial for achieving the high purity required for pharmaceutical and fine chemical applications. Manufacturers invest significantly in optimizing these separation processes to deliver reliable product quality.

Applications Driven by Chemical Properties

The unique chemical structure of 2,6-Dimethylaniline makes it an excellent building block. The amine group is nucleophilic and can readily undergo reactions like acylation and alkylation, while the aromatic ring can participate in electrophilic aromatic substitution. These characteristics are exploited in its primary applications:

  • Pharmaceutical Synthesis: As an amine precursor for anesthetics.
  • Agrochemical Synthesis: As an intermediate for fungicides and herbicides.
  • Dye Manufacturing: Used in the production of certain dye intermediates.

For any chemist or procurement manager considering to buy 2,6-Dimethylaniline, understanding these fundamental chemical and physical properties is the first step towards successful integration into their manufacturing processes. Always consult the technical data sheets and engage with your chemical supplier for detailed information specific to their product.