1-Bromohexane, identified by its CAS number 111-25-1, stands as a pivotal organobromine compound in the realm of organic chemistry. This clear, colorless to pale yellow liquid, also known by synonyms such as hexyl bromide or n-hexyl bromide, possesses the molecular formula C6H13Br and a molecular weight of approximately 165.07 grams per mole.

This versatile compound exhibits a boiling point typically ranging from 154 to 158 °C and a melting point of approximately -84.7 °C, making it a manageable substance for various chemical processes. With a density around 1.176 to 1.2 grams per cubic centimeter, it is generally insoluble in water but readily dissolves in common organic solvents like alcohol and ether. A crucial safety consideration is its flash point of 57 °C, classifying it as a flammable liquid that requires careful handling in well-ventilated areas.

The primary utility of 1-Bromohexane lies in its extensive applications as a synthetic intermediate across diverse chemical industries. One of its most significant roles is in the preparation of Grignard reagents. These powerful organometallic compounds are indispensable in organic synthesis for forming new carbon-carbon bonds, allowing the precise introduction of a hexyl group into target molecules. This capability makes 1-Bromohexane a cornerstone for building more complex structures.

Beyond Grignard chemistry, 1-Bromohexane is widely employed in the manufacturing of pharmaceuticals and fine organic chemicals. Its reactivity enables its use in nucleophilic substitution reactions, leading to the synthesis of a broad spectrum of valuable compounds, including specific bromo-cyclic compounds and even fluorocarbons when reacted with potassium fluoride. Furthermore, it serves as a raw material for the preparation of ionic liquids, which find applications in the production of polyketones.

In addition to its role as a reagent, 1-Bromohexane is also utilized as a solvent in both industrial and laboratory settings. Its relatively low boiling point makes it particularly suitable for reactions requiring moderate temperature conditions. The synthesis of 1-Bromohexane commonly involves the free-radical addition of hydrogen bromide to a 1-alkene, following an anti-Markovnikov addition pathway, or through nucleophilic substitution of hexane with bromine in the presence of a Lewis acid catalyst.

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