Bromoacetyl Chloride, a significant organic compound with the CAS number 22118-09-8, is a key player in various industrial chemical syntheses, particularly within the agrochemical and pharmaceutical sectors. Understanding its chemical properties and the methods of its synthesis is fundamental for its effective and safe utilization.

Chemically, Bromoacetyl Chloride is an acyl halide, specifically a substituted acetyl chloride. Its molecular formula is C2H2BrClO, and it possesses a molecular weight of approximately 157.39 g/mol. The compound is characterized by its appearance as a colorless to light yellow transparent liquid. This physical state is crucial for its handling and processing in various industrial applications. Key physical properties include a density of around 1.89 g/mL at 20°C, a melting point of -45°C, and a boiling point of 127-128°C. Its flash point of 245.6°C indicates a degree of flammability, necessitating appropriate safety precautions during storage and use.

The synthesis of Bromoacetyl Chloride is typically achieved through the reaction of Bromoacetic acid with Thionyl chloride (SOCl2). This reaction is a common method for converting carboxylic acids into their corresponding acyl chlorides, with sulfur dioxide (SO2) and hydrogen chloride (HCl) being produced as by-products. The reaction equation can be represented as: BrCH2COOH + SOCl2 → BrCH2COCl + SO2↑ + HCl↑. Alternatively, phosphorus trichloride can also be used as a chlorinating agent. The efficiency and purity of the synthesized Bromoacetyl Chloride are highly dependent on the reaction conditions, stoichiometry of reactants, and subsequent purification steps.

The reactivity of Bromoacetyl Chloride is primarily attributed to the highly electrophilic carbonyl carbon of the acyl chloride group and the presence of the bromine atom, which can participate in nucleophilic substitution reactions. As an acyl chloride, it readily reacts with nucleophiles such as alcohols, amines, and water to form esters, amides, and carboxylic acids, respectively, often with the liberation of HCl. This reactivity makes it an invaluable reagent for introducing the bromoacetyl moiety into larger molecules.

Safety considerations are paramount when working with Bromoacetyl Chloride. Due to its corrosive nature and the release of HCl upon reaction with moisture, it requires careful handling in well-ventilated areas, preferably under a fume hood, and with appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE), including gloves, eye protection, and protective clothing. Its storage conditions should be cool and dry, away from moisture and incompatible materials.

For industries requiring Bromoacetyl Chloride, reliable sourcing from reputable chemical manufacturers like NINGBO INNO PHARMCHEM CO.,LTD. is essential. Companies that manufacture Bromoacetyl Chloride ensure strict quality control measures to deliver a product with high purity (≥98.5% by GC) and low moisture content (≤0.1%), critical for its intended applications in synthesizing agrochemicals and pharmaceuticals.

In summary, Bromoacetyl Chloride is a chemical compound of significant industrial importance, characterized by its specific physical properties and versatile reactivity. Its synthesis, typically from Bromoacetic acid and Thionyl chloride, yields a product vital for creating numerous essential chemicals, underscoring the need for careful handling and reliable sourcing.