Carbodiimides are a fascinating class of organic compounds characterized by the functional group -N=C=N-. Their inherent reactivity makes them highly valuable as coupling and dehydrating agents in a multitude of chemical transformations. Among the commonly used carbodiimides, N,N'-Diisopropylcarbodiimide (DIC), with its CAS number 693-13-0, has garnered significant attention due to its advantageous properties. Unlike its solid counterparts, DIC is a liquid at room temperature, which greatly simplifies its handling and measurement in both laboratory and industrial settings. This characteristic alone makes it a preferred choice for many applications, especially when compared to reagents like N,N'-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (DCC).

The fundamental reaction mechanism involving carbodiimides like DIC centers around their ability to activate carboxylic acids. When a carboxylic acid reacts with DIC, often in the presence of an activator such as 1-hydroxybenzotriazole (HOBt) or N-hydroxysuccinimide (NHS), it forms a highly reactive O-acylisourea intermediate. This activated intermediate is then susceptible to nucleophilic attack by alcohols, amines, or other species containing active hydrogen atoms, leading to the formation of esters, amides, or other functional groups. This process effectively removes a molecule of water, hence the designation as a dehydrating agent. For chemists looking to buy DIC, understanding this mechanism is key to appreciating its synthetic power.

The practical implications of this mechanism are vast. In peptide synthesis, DIC efficiently promotes the formation of peptide bonds, enabling the construction of polypeptide chains. The key advantage here is the byproduct: diisopropylurea (DIU). DIU is soluble in many common organic solvents, making it easy to separate from the desired peptide product. This contrasts sharply with DCC, which yields the poorly soluble DCU, often complicating purification. This enhanced ease of purification makes DIC a more attractive option for researchers and manufacturers aiming for streamlined processes and higher yields. The competitive price and availability of high-purity DIC from suppliers in China further enhance its appeal.

Beyond peptide synthesis, DIC is a powerful reagent for esterification reactions, converting carboxylic acids and alcohols into esters. This is crucial for synthesizing a wide range of compounds, including pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, and flavorings. It also finds use in the synthesis of acid anhydrides, aldehydes, ketones, and isocyanates. Its versatility means that a single reagent can support multiple synthetic strategies, making it a cost-effective choice for chemical companies.

When procuring DIC, buyers should ensure they are obtaining the reagent with the correct CAS number (693-13-0) and verify its purity, typically specified as ≥99% by GC. Partnering with reputable suppliers guarantees consistent quality and reliable delivery, which are critical for maintaining production schedules. The global chemical market offers various sources, but diligence in supplier selection is always advised. The information regarding its physical appearance—typically a colorless to yellowish liquid—and storage conditions (often cool and dry) are also important factors to consider.

In summary, N,N'-Diisopropylcarbodiimide is a highly effective and versatile carbodiimide reagent. Its liquid form, efficient condensation mechanism, and easily removable byproduct make it an indispensable tool for peptide synthesis, esterification, and a broad range of organic transformations. For anyone in the chemical industry looking to enhance their synthesis capabilities, understanding and utilizing DIC is a strategic advantage.